Xuzhou Museum was founded in April 1959 and officially opened in August 1960. It is now displaying the emblem of the Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Carving Art Museum, which is also managed by the Wei Tianchi Calligraphy Museum and the Zhao Xucheng Art Museum during the same period. It has built a national first-class museum, a national civilized unit, a national excellent humanities and social science popularization base, a national practice education base for primary and secondary school students, and a national AAAA tourist attraction The patriotism education base in Jiangsu Province and Xuzhou City is a comprehensive museum for the excavation, protection, display, collection and research of historical relics in Xuzhou City. It now covers an area of 60000 square meters, including nearly 27000 square meters of building area and 12000 square meters of display area. After the reconstruction and expansion project in 2010 and the exhibition and renovation project in 2018, the main museum of Xuzhou Museum has been built into a local museum with the distinctive characteristics of Han culture, which consists of four parts: the Western Han Dynasty quarry site, the Eastern Han Dynasty Pengcheng King's tomb in Tushan, the Qing Dynasty Qianlong Palace and the exhibition building.

Xuzhou Museum has a rich collection of cultural relics and a complete collection system, highlighting the unique historical and cultural heritage of Xuzhou, which not only represents the artistic level of the region, but also represents the highest level in China. There are mainly ceramic ware, pottery figurines, jade ware, gold and silver ware, copper and iron ware, seals, calligraphy and painting, miscellaneous and other categories. The cultural relics in the museum range from the Neolithic Age to the Ming and Qing Dynasties and contemporary works of art. Among them, the Neolithic, Han and Ming dynasties are the most abundant and prominent cultural relics. In particular, the cultural relics of the Han Dynasty are the most distinctive, forming a complete display system. In addition to paintings and calligraphy, the majority of the cultural relics in the museum are excavated from ancient sites or ancient tombs, with clear times and clear sources.

The main exhibition of Xuzhou Museum includes seven major exhibitions, including "Ancient Peng Qianqiu", "Great Han Meteorology", "Heavenly Craft Han Jade", "Han Family Fireworks", "Terracotta Fighter Show", "Golden Gorge Iron Horse", and "Deng Yongqing Collection Calligraphy and Painting Exhibition". It displays more than 5000 pieces of various cultural relics and treasures, comprehensively displaying Xuzhou's rich and splendid historical culture and profound regional civilization. The quarry site of the Western Han Dynasty shows some quarries; The archaeological excavation site and cultural relics unearthed from the Pengcheng King's Tomb of the Eastern Han Dynasty in Tushan were displayed in the tomb. Among them, the archaeological excavation of the No. 2 Tomb of Tushan won the "Top Ten National Archaeological Discoveries in 2020"; The Qianlong Palace and Stele Garden display the "Exhibition of Qianlong and Xuzhou Historical Materials" and the inscriptions of all dynasties.

Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Carving Art Museum is basically displayed as "Han Dynasty - Epic on Stone" in the South Hall, displaying more than 400 pieces of stone carvings; The "Han Stone Relics" is displayed in the North Hall. 167 pieces of fine stone reliefs excavated and discovered between the late Qing Dynasty and 1989 are displayed in seven exhibition rooms and on the 206-meter gallery. The temporary exhibition hall is now the Art Museum of Mr. Cheng Dali, a famous landscape painting master in China, which displays more than 40 excellent works of Mr. Cheng Dali in recent years. The display of the south and north pavilions comprehensively and stereoscopically reflects the achievements of the Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Carvings Art Museum in cultural relics collection, scientific research and display art, so that the audience can have a more comprehensive understanding of the Xuzhou Han Dynasty Stone Carvings and the life of Xuzhou people in the Han Dynasty.

As an important window of cultural exchange, Xuzhou Museum has vigorously implemented the "going out" strategy. In recent years, with the theme of "composing the new charm of the Han style and telling the story of Xuzhou", it has continuously held touring exhibitions in China, and has successively held exhibitions of Han Dynasty cultural relics in the United States, Australia, Austria, the United Kingdom, Germany and other countries, further improving the international popularity and influence of Xuzhou's Han culture.